You literally stated in your message that:
"AND hashcat accepts the full container (i assume it just reads the first 512 bytes) but i wouldnt take a bet that this also works with containers with some hundrets of gigabytes"
I think you're a bit confused.
But that issue aside maybe you can answer this question for me. How do I translate something like a triple encryption method with these funny words into the actual mode I'm supposed to select? There is not a 1 to 1 correlation? For instance, if I selected, from the image you posted, the triple AES(TwoFish(Sepent)). What the hell mode does that correspond to in the VeraCrypt HashCat options?
"AND hashcat accepts the full container (i assume it just reads the first 512 bytes) but i wouldnt take a bet that this also works with containers with some hundrets of gigabytes"
I think you're a bit confused.
But that issue aside maybe you can answer this question for me. How do I translate something like a triple encryption method with these funny words into the actual mode I'm supposed to select? There is not a 1 to 1 correlation? For instance, if I selected, from the image you posted, the triple AES(TwoFish(Sepent)). What the hell mode does that correspond to in the VeraCrypt HashCat options?